Which actions characterized white Southern efforts to suppress Black voting after Reconstruction?

• A. Revised state constitutions and poll taxes and other race-blind provisions.
• B. Expanded suffrage to all races.
• C. Created federal protections for voting rights.
• D. Increased public school funding to promote literacy.

Answer: (A)

This question looks at how white Southern states suppressed Black voting after Reconstruction by using constitutional changes and neutral-sounding barriers. After Reconstruction, Redeemer governments rewrote state constitutions to install voting hurdles—poll taxes, literacy tests, residency or property requirements, and other devices—disguised as race-neutral provisions. These steps had the effect of disenfranchising Black citizens while presenting the changes as lawful and fair, a common Jim Crow tactic to restore white supremacy. This explains why describing revised state constitutions and poll taxes as the actions taken best captures the suppression of Black voting. The other options describe moves that would expand rights, protect voting, or promote literacy, none of which align with the goal of disenfranchisement in that era.